Escarabajos

species, Coleoptera is the largest of all insect orders and displays an enormous variety of form, size and habit. A number of species are a serious pest in crops [...] to the control of aphids. Beetles undergo a complete metamorphosis, that is, the larvae do not resemble the adult at all, and must pass through a pupal [...] belong to the order Coleoptera, a well-known group of insects that are easily recognizable on account of their hard wing covers (elytra). With more than

Grape downy mildew

caninfect all green parts of the host plant with stomata, giving following symptoms: On young Leaves: yellow, translucent ‘oilspots’ with a chocolate-brown [...] viticola is a plant pathogen causing downy mildew in grapes. P. viticola occurs in nearly all grape-growing regions worldwide. Damage symptons of Grape downy [...] forming a mosaic-like pattern. Sporulation occurs on the lower leaf surface, appearing as white, cottony growth. Shoot tips and central axis of flower clusters

FAQ Nematodes

Once in contact with a host, they try to penetrate it through a body opening. In the host, the nematodes release a bacterium that can kill the host very quickly [...] nematodes, and saprophytic nematodes. The entomopathogenic nematodes are natural enemies of a lot of insects. Are all nematode species harmless? No. Plant [...] certainly not outside a host. Only if the nematode is in the host and the temperature is not too low is there a small chance that the nematodes can overwinter

False spider mites

found on the underside of leaves where they cause a brown, scabby discolouration spreading from both sides of the main vein into the leaf blade. The damage [...] found along the veins on the underside of leaves. The mites are flattened and egg-shaped when seen from above, with their dorsal surface showing a net-like [...] pattern. The eggs are a clear red colour and elliptical in shape. They are laid in a fold in the leaf or along the mid-vein, often in dense clusters of several

Trial_and_Field_results_nematodes_in_fruit_orchards_EN_-_Koppert.pdf

fully diluted, we add the mix into the tank. The sprayer is filled halfway and the bucket with the nematodes is injected into the preparation. And finally [...] It’s a natural, living solution with a long shelf life in the fridge,’ Michel concludes. ‘Yes, I would recommend it to anyone who has problems with codling [...] to reduce the pressure.’ Michel reports that the benefit of using Capirel nematodes is that it can also be used as a preventive treatment in the autumn to

Codling moth

invading the fruit, the larvae first form a small cavity just under the skin. The entry hole can be seen and is usually plugged by dry frass. The larva then [...] burrows towards the core and eats a large proportion of the flesh, leaving behind brown frass. The entry point is then greatly enlarged as the tissue beneath [...] cycle and appearance of Codling moth The adults have a wing span of 15-22 mm, blackish-brown forewings, suffused with ash-grey and a large, metallic, bronzy

Shore fly

about 4 to 5 mm long, and stout with short antennae and short legs. The head of the adult has a pair of conspicuous eyes. The wings have grey-brown patches [...] occur on such a scale that growth, particularly of young cuttings, can be retarded. Life cycle and appearance of Shore fly The life cycle of the shore fly [...] tenuicosta ) has the following stages: egg, three larval instars, a pupa and the adult fly. The eggs are laid singly and are bean-shaped. A first instar larva

Oriental fruit moth

Australia, central Europe, the east coast of the USA and Brazil at the beginning of the twentieth century. Since then, the pest has been introduced into [...] fruit moth The adult has a wing span of 10-16 mm, and is dark-grey. When at rest, the wings are held in a roof-like position over the body, and the antennae [...] above the anal opening. The cocoon is a protective covering for the full-grown larva and pupa. It is made of silken threads and particles of the objects

Antracnosis del haba

transmitted on the outside of the seed coat and cause primary infection. The conidia germinate and infect through the stomata or directly through the cuticle [...] pods of peas. The spots on leaves and pods are round, on the stems they are more elongated. The lesions are light brown, sunken and surrounded by a dark [...] sometimes at the stem base but is not part of the foot rot syndrome in peas. Infected seeds may have brown areas. Life cycle and appearance of Pea blight

Apple scab

available. They infect the plant by direct penetration of the cuticula and then grow between the cuticula and the epidermis of the plant cells. This causes [...] through the cuticula. The asexual conidia are released and repeat the cycle of infection of new plant parts and spore production. In autumn, the fungus [...] have already fallen off the trees. In response to the infection, the plants produce cork as a defence against further growth of the fungus. In cultivars that