Escarabajos

pupal instar before reaching the adult stage. Larvae have biting mouthparts and mostly feed on the same food as the adults. The pupae do not make a cocoon [...] already display many similarities with the adults. The adult beetles usually possess a pair of membranous wings beneath the wing covers. Many species are very [...] belong to the order Coleoptera, a well-known group of insects that are easily recognizable on account of their hard wing covers (elytra). With more than

False spider mites

are mostly found along the veins on the underside of leaves. The mites are flattened and egg-shaped when seen from above, with their dorsal surface showing [...] found on the underside of leaves where they cause a brown, scabby discolouration spreading from both sides of the main vein into the leaf blade. The damage [...] have the same body shape as spider mites but are usually smaller. The different species all look very similar. False spider mites pass through the same

Black tea thrips

darkens with age. The antennae are bent backward over the head in the pupal stage. The prepupal and pupal stages do not feed. Damage symptoms The black tea [...] brown with the apex of the abdomen paler; females are 1.4-1.7 mm long and males are 1.1-1.2 mm long. The legs are entirely white or yellow. The greenhouse [...] without mating, and males are rare. The adults are poor fliers and tend to remain in the shaded areas on the plant. The eggs are white and banana-shaped and

Grape downy mildew

caninfect all green parts of the host plant with stomata, giving following symptoms: On young Leaves: yellow, translucent ‘oilspots’ with a chocolate-brown halo [...] obligate biotrophic pathogen of grapevines with sexual overwintering and asexual cycles during the growing season. The pathogen overwinters as oospores in fallen [...] depending on temperature, with the shortest period on young leaves at 19-24°C. Management Disease pressure varies significantly with weather. Rigorous management

Codling moth

invading the fruit, the larvae first form a small cavity just under the skin. The entry hole can be seen and is usually plugged by dry frass. The larva then [...] days. The first instar larvae burrow into the fruitlets, often through the calyx. Larger fruits are usually entered through the side or near the stalk [...] burrows towards the core and eats a large proportion of the flesh, leaving behind brown frass. The entry point is then greatly enlarged as the tissue beneath

Shore fly

Shore fly The life cycle of the shore fly ( Scatella tenuicosta ) has the following stages: egg, three larval instars, a pupa and the adult fly. The eggs are [...] less translucent and their body is cylindrical. The larvae are found in the top layer of damp soil, where they also pupate. The adult shore fly is black [...] about 4 to 5 mm long, and stout with short antennae and short legs. The head of the adult has a pair of conspicuous eyes. The wings have grey-brown patches

FAQ Nematodes

on the pump and the spray boom? The pressure on the nozzle may not exceed 20 bar (190 psi), with conventional large volume nozzles. Why should the soil [...] ambush strategy to reach their host. Once in contact with a host, they try to penetrate it through a body opening. In the host, the nematodes release a bacterium [...] that can kill the host very quickly. This bacterium also causes the host to be converted into food for the nematodes. This food enables the nematodes to

Trial_and_Field_results_nematodes_in_fruit_orchards_EN_-_Koppert.pdf

fully diluted, we add the mix into the tank. The sprayer is filled halfway and the bucket with the nematodes is injected into the preparation. And finally [...] that the benefit of using Capirel nematodes is that it can also be used as a preventive treatment in the autumn to reduce the pest pressure for the following [...] apply if the ground is already wet. He waits until it rains. ‘I then apply the solutions right after it rains so that the nematodes can enter the soil. In

Antracnosis del haba

transmitted on the outside of the seed coat and cause primary infection. The conidia germinate and infect through the stomata or directly through the cuticle [...] on leaves, stems and pods of peas. The spots on leaves and pods are round, on the stems they are more elongated. The lesions are light brown, sunken and [...] surrounded by a dark brown to red-brown border. The first infection is often on the primary leaves. The fungus is seed borne and thus also causes post-

Oriental fruit moth

Australia, central Europe, the east coast of the USA and Brazil at the beginning of the twentieth century. Since then, the pest has been introduced into [...] spun on the surface of the host plant or under bark. The adults emerge after 1-2 weeks. There are up to five generations per year. The larvae of the later [...] dark-grey. When at rest, the wings are held in a roof-like position over the body, and the antennae are bent backwards over the wings. Eggs are translu