Apple scab

rainfall. They germinate between 6 and 26 °C. At optimum temperatures, between 18 and 24 °C, only 9 hours of leaf wetness is required, at lower temperatures [...] will germinate if free water is available. They infect the plant by direct penetration of the cuticula and then grow between the cuticula and the epidermis [...] General Venturia inaequalis is an ascomycete fungus that causes apple scab disease Damage symptoms Venturia inaequalis causes apple scab disease, which

Black tea thrips

stage which is light yellow with red eyes and short wing pads. The pupal stage is slightly larger, with longer wing pads and larger eyes. It is yellowish [...] Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis , is widely distributed in the tropics and subtropics; it also occurs in greenhouses of temperate areas, is highly polyphagous, and [...] 1-1.2 mm long. The legs are entirely white or yellow. The greenhouse thrips is parthenogenic, it reproduces without mating, and males are rare. The adults

FAQ Nematodes

temperatures and certainly not outside a host. Only if the nematode is in the host and the temperature is not too low is there a small chance that the nematodes [...] carrier material allows a good solubility and a long shelf life for a living product. Is the carrier material harmful to humans? No, it is biodegradable and [...] conditions, a nematode can kill an insect in 24-48 hours. Under field conditions, a nematode will first have to look for a host. The effect of treatment is thus

Antracnosis del haba

General Ascochyta pisi is a fungal plant pathogen that causes A scochyta blight on pea (leaf blight or pea blight) and lesions of stems, leaves, and pods [...] sunken and surrounded by a dark brown to red-brown border. The first infection is often on the primary leaves. The fungus is seed borne and thus also causes [...] two-celled conidia are exuded. Secondary infection is by splash dispersal of these conidia. There is no known sexual stage. Ascochyta fungi develop most

Oriental fruit moth

full-grown larva has a length of approximately 12 mm, and is pink to almost red. The head and the anal plate are brown. They have a black anal fork (anal [...] (anal comb) above the anal opening. The cocoon is a protective covering for the full-grown larva and pupa. It is made of silken threads and particles of the [...] molesta ) is an important pest of peach and nectarines; other fruit trees like apple, pear, almond and apricot are also attacked by this pest. It is native

Codling moth

developing embryo is visible as a red ring. The larvae are up to 20 mm long, initially whitish and later pale pinkish white, with a brown head and a pale anal [...] moth ( Cydia pomonella ) is a notorious, worldwide pest of apple and also occasionally of pear, quince, peach and other fruits. It is very common in Europe [...] core and eats a large proportion of the flesh, leaving behind brown frass. The entry point is then greatly enlarged as the tissue beneath is eaten away.

Trial_and_Field_results_nematodes_in_fruit_orchards_EN_-_Koppert.pdf

results are good. There is only a little damage but it’s not excessive,’ he confirms. ‘We do it every year to avoid pest invasion so it is fully included in [...] present any risk for users and the formulation is 100% biodegradable. It’s a natural, living solution with a long shelf life in the fridge,’ Michel concludes [...] vegetables, among others. Using beneficial nematodes in apple Michel Loubejac is a fruit grower in Moissac in the Tarn-etGaronne, region of France. Here he

Shore fly

egg, three larval instars, a pupa and the adult fly. The eggs are laid singly and are bean-shaped. A first instar larva is translucent white. Second instar [...] translucent and their body is cylindrical. The larvae are found in the top layer of damp soil, where they also pupate. The adult shore fly is black, about 4 to [...] feed on green algae. However, they can transmit plant diseases and can be a nuisance to greenhouse works by their sheer numbers. Frass deposited on leaves

Moscas

has recently developed into a major pest on soft fruits in Europe and North America. Sciarid flies and shore flies are mainly a problem in greenhouses. Their [...] prefer moist substrates that is rich in organic matter. Although they cause little direct damage to plants, they are often a problem due to their large number [...] Spotted Wing Drosophila has recently invaded Europe and the Americas where it is causing serious damage to many soft fruit crops. Find solutions for flies

Grape downy mildew

Plasmopara viticola is a plant pathogen causing downy mildew in grapes. P. viticola occurs in nearly all grape-growing regions worldwide. Damage symptons [...] translucent ‘oilspots’ with a chocolate-brown halo. On older leaves: small, angular, yellow to reddish-brown spots forming a mosaic-like pattern. Sporulation [...] growth. Shoot tips and central axis of flower clusters become distorted into a curl or corkscrew. Inflorescences and young berries turn yellow or grey. Under